- Amanj Jamal Azeez
- amanj.jamal1981@gmail.com
- 0750 430 4363
- FINAL AMANJ THESIS RECOVERY 99
-
SUMMARY
The current study aimed to investigate the impact of a static magnetic field (SMF) exposure on uropathogenic Escherichia coli colony morphology, cell growth, viability, biochemical characteristics, antibiotic susceptibility and gene expression from urine clinical specimens.
Twenty- five E.coli is being isolated clinical samples obtained from urine of patients attended to different hospitals (Erbil, Rizgary, and Rapareen Teaching Hospital in Erbil city/Iraq. All isolates were identified using cultural, morphological, biochemical characteristics, and the using Vitek 2 system for identification.
The magnetic field created manually with the power of (0.04, 0.08, 0.12, 0.16T) and have been measured the force in the Physics Department of the College of Education at the University of Salahaddin in Erbil/ Iraq. The bacterial culture in broth media exposed to different force of magnetic field.
Our findings revealed that exposure to SMF (0.04, 0.08, 0.12, 0.16T) decreased optical density at 620 nm over the course of 24 hours. Also finding exposed bacteria to different magnetic force been altered bacterial biological activity on sugar fermentation and antibiotic sensitivity due to mutation.
In addition, the Vitek 2 system has been used for measuring the antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria against different magnetic fields. After 24 hours of exposure, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was calculated. The antibiotics Ciprofloxacin, Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, Ceftazidime, Cefepime and Aztreonam converted from sensitive to resistant compared with negative control (unexposed).
Escherichia coli isolates were put through a PCR procedure using the appropriate primer 16SrRNA to establish their identity as well as other primers TEM1.CTXM-1 SHV genes that encode for a multidrug-resistant strain MDR.
The interpretation of the differential expression of the TEM1.CTXM-1, SHV, and 16SrRNA genes under different SMF exposure revealed that the expression level of the 16SrRNA amplification PCR product remained constant throughout the exposure and thus can be used as a reference gene for the observation of the differential gene expression of E. coli. Notably, the amplified PCR products of TEM1.CTXM-1, and SHV genes were decreased after different SMF exposure as compared to non-exposed (control) that’s lead to increase antibiotic susceptibility. The TEM1.CTXM-1 genes were subjected to a genomic study; (Bio Edit V.7.0.5) was used to evaluate the quality of their sequencing data. Utilizing NCBI- BLAST, homology, insertions - deletions, stop codons, and frame shifts were investigated. Laboratory or query sequences were examined and aligned with a second biological sequence to identify a greater degree of similarity and nucleotide variation with other targets.
- Erbil Technical Health College
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department
- Microbiology
- Mohammed Qader Mustafa
- mohammad.qadr@tiu.edu.iq
- 0750 902 3737
- Immunophenotyping and IL-18 Promotor Gene Polymorphism in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Erbil - Print
-
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is a malignant neoplasm of the hematopoietic system that primarily affects children. The pathogenesis of ALL is complex and multifactorial, involving various genetic, epigenetic, and immunological factors. This study aimed to investigate ALL patients' immunophenotyping and DNA polymorphism of the IL-18 gene (rs1946518) and explore their potential clinical implications.
In this study, a total of 51 patients with ALL were enrolled. The average age of diagnosis was 8.7 years. Out of these 51 patients, 32 were selected for molecular studies, while 10 children were included as control subjects to analyze further the molecular data, 10 random samples out of the 32 PCR products were chosen for Sanger sequencing, and their clinical characteristics, including age, sex, and subtype of ALL, were recorded. A complete blood count (CBC) was performed to assess the hematological parameters of the patients. The expression of several CD markers, including cTDT antigens, human leukocyte antigen-DR(HLA-DR), cytoplasmic myeloperoxidase, CD117, cCD79a, CD56, CD34, CD33, CD22, CD19,CD11b, CD10, CD7,cCD3, CD2, was analyzed using flow cytometry. Genotyping of the samples for IL-18 gene polymorphisms was conducted through Tetraprimer Amplification Refractory Mutation System Polymerase chain reaction(T- ARMS PCR). Also, the promoter region of the IL-18 gene was amplified through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and any mutations or Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) was analyzed via Sanger sequencing. Additionally, genotyping of the samples for IL-18 gene polymorphisms was conducted through Tetraprimer Amplification Refractory Mutation System polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS PCR).
VI
The results showed that most patients (75.8%) had pre- or common B-ALL, while 12.1% had T-lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) , 9.1% patients had Pro- B ALL and 3% patients had Burkitt's lymphoma. Significant differences were observed in CD marker expression between patients with different CD expressions, with CD19+, CD79a+, and CD10 associated with a higher blast percentage. There seemed to be variations in CD marker manifestation among the age groups below 15 and above 15 years. CD79a, CD22, CD19, CD10, TdT, HLA-DR, and CD123 were commonly expressed positive CD markers, whereas CD45 had moderate to low expression and was not associated with these markers. In terms of IL-18 gene polymorphisms, 100% of the control population had homozygous wild-type alleles, while six patients (18.75%) had heterozygous (CA) alleles, and four patients (12.5%) had homozygous (AA) alleles. The remaining 68.75% had 2 polymorphic alleles on the promoter’s region. The current study identified 23 mutations through Sanger sequencing for 10 random samples in the promoter region of the IL-18 gene, including SNPs, insertion, deletion, and duplication. There were 11 types of variation, with 14 being sense and 9 being non-sense mutations. The study also discovered 3 previously unknown (Novel) SNPs, which increases our knowledge of genetic variation in the IL-18 gene.
In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of immunophenotyping and DNA polymorphism analysis in understanding the pathogenesis of ALL and its potential impact on patient management. The findings suggest that specific CD markers and IL-18 gene polymorphisms may be associated with a higher risk of developing ALL. Further research is needed to investigate these associations in more detail. This study provides valuable insights into the molecular and immunological mechanisms underlying ALL and lays the groundwork for future studies.
- Erbil Technical Health College
- Medical Analysis
- Hematolog
- Hamad Mustafa Saleh
- hamad.mstafa@epu.edu.iq
- 0750 467 5095
- Hamad Mustafa Saleh
-
ABSTRACT
The current serologic and molecular research work was designated to reassess endemicity of Toxoplasma (T.) gondii which is reckoned a ubiquitous zoonotic protozoan among aborted women, ewes, and does in Erbil, the Kurdistan region of Iraq. To meet the requirements of the survey, 80 aborted women, who attended both Maternity Teaching Hospitals in Erbil and Soran, were examined serologically and molecularly from November, 2021 to Abril, 2022. Moreover, 55 aborted ewes, and 30 aborted does were chosen in afore-mentioned cities at the same period and tested serologically and molecularly as well. The seroprevalence of the parasite demonstrated that 18/80 (22.5%) of aborted women had anti-toxoplasma IgG and the rest were negative. On the other hand, 4/80 (5%) women were harbors of anti-toxoplasma IgM and the rest were negative. Furthermore, the seroprevalence of the parasite demonstrated that 13/55 (23.63%) of aborted ewes had anti-toxoplasma IgG and the rest were negative. On the other hand, 2/55 (3.63%) ewes were harbors of anti-toxoplasma IgM and the rest were negative. Despite that, the seroprevalence of the parasite demonstrated that 8/30 (26.66%) of aborted does had anti-toxoplasma IgG and the rest were negative. On the other hand, 1/30 (3.33%) does were harbors of anti-toxoplasma IgM and the rest were negative. The occurrence of amplification of fragment was 100% of the toxoplasma samples. As well as, the expected patterns were provided in the samples with T. gondii. The result showed that the Toxoplasma species (Women 1, Ewes 2, and Doe 1) was 100% and ewes 12, does 7 were 99.9% homologous to T. gondii under the accession number (KX270387 and MK704513) due to nucleotide substitution (A → G) at the position of 207.
- Erbil Technical Health College
- Medical Technology Department (MLT)
- Master at MLT
- Asmaa Ameen Ghareeb
- asmaa.mhm20@epu.edu.iq
- 0751 706 6033
- Final Full Thesis pdf.
-
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) created a worldwide health problem in late 2019. It was caused by Sever Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2), an enveloped RNA virus. The clinical presentation of the disease was found to be variable ranging from mild, moderate to severe. A number of comorbidities such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, organ disorders and age were reported to be associated with morbidity and mortality rates.
The aim of this study was to investigate the association of some laboratory parameters with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Erbil City/Iraq, and to study the circulating Variant of concerns (VOCs) among the infected population through Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and analysis of the Spike (S) gene.
Throat and nasopharyngeal swabs and blood specimens were collected from suspected cases visited the Central laboratory or admitted to the three COVID-19 specific hospitals in Erbil City/Iraq. The infection was confirmed in 104 patients following RNA extraction and identification by real-time RT- PCR. Then, patients were clinically categorized into mild (n=40), moderate (n=32) and severe (n=32). Blood specimens were also collected from 34 healthy controls. All necessary clinical and demographic information were recorded. Hematological parameters such as lymphocyte count and % and platelet count and other biomarkers (CRP and D-dimer) were measured. Finally, RNA extracts from 15 mild and severe cases were sent to Ankara/Turkey for full S gene sequencing using NGS technique.
Age was significantly associated with COVID-19 (P value= 0.000), in which sever infections were common in extreme ages. No relation was found between ABO, Rh and gender with COVID-19 (P value= 0.41, 0.47 and 0.96
respectively). Death rate was high among sever patients (17(53.1%) as a consequence of multiple comorbidities. Oxygen saturation (SpO2) depressed more significantly in severe and moderate groups than in mild groups. Severe and moderate groups exhibit significantly higher CRP, D-dimer, and lymphocyte% (P<0.05) compared to control group. All the studied biomarkers were significantly higher in non-survivors than in survivors (P<0.001). There was a highly substantial positive correlation between D-dimer and CRP (r= 0.69, P value= 0.000), while a significant negative correlation was observed with other laboratory biomarkers.
The NGS and analysis of the S gene identified two SARS-CoV-2 variants; 13 Delta (B.1.617.2) and 2 Omicron (B.1.1.529). Variants were identified according to the WHO specification of each VOC. On the whole, different mutation classes have been observed including nonsynonymous that constituted the most abundant type of mutation, synonymous, non-frameshift deletions and non-frameshift insertion. L452R, T478K and P681R amino acid variations in spike protein were detected in all Delta isolates and were variant specific. On the other hand, Omicron variants appear with unusual number of mutations (35 mutations). D614G variation was conserved in both variants.
Gender, ABO, and Rh were not associated with COVID-19, but age and a number of comorbidities were significantly associated with disease severity. All studied laboratory biomarkers were associated with mortality. Delta variants showed variations in S gene mutation, whereas both Omicron variants were totally the same. No specific mutations were found to be associated with severity and mortality of COVID-19.
- Erbil Technical Health College
- Medical Laboratory Technology
- Medical Laboratory Technology