Author Archives: Jihan Jihan

ABSTRACT

This study aims to find the relationship and impact of English language skills on employee performance. The English language skills, represented by its dimensions (listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills), are stated as the independent variable, while employee performance is the dependent variable.

To address the study problem, three main hypotheses are proposed for testing. The research is divided into two parts. The first part involves discussing the theoretical aspects related to the study variables. The second part represents the field aspect of the study, where the causal relationship between the study variables in the Directorate of Relations of the studied universities is examined. The sample consists of 14 Directorates of Relations/ public universities, where the questionnaire form was distributed randomly using Google Form, with a total of (102) forms distributed and (95) valid forms collected for analysis. After entering the collected data from the sample respondents' questionnaire answers into the statistical analysis program (SPSS v.26), a set of findings was obtained. The most significant finding is the presence of a strong significant correlation between the variables and their dimensions at both the overall and partial levels. The correlation coefficients are high, confirming a strong association between the variables. The results also confirm a significant impact of English language skills at the general level, indicating the researched universities' interest in practicing the dimensions of English language skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) for better employee performance.

Based on the results, the researcher presents a set of suggestions, the most important of which is the necessity for universities to prioritize their employees by providing them with training courses to enhance their language skills, especially in English, to strengthen relationships with other international universities and establish a culture of English language skills within the Directorate of Relations of the participated universities. This should be embraced by employees and reflected in their behavior and knowledge to improve their performance efficiency.

The study concludes with a set of future research suggestions to assist researchers in conducting research and studies related to the current study variables.

Keywords: English language skills, Employee performance, Directorate of Relations, Public Universities.

This study aims to examine the role of crisis management in managing and handling the financial crises (ISIS war crisis and COVID-19 pandemic crisis) on investment development. As well as the study examined the influence of the crises on investment development. An analytical and comparative study in the Kurdistan Region-Iraq. This study tries to determine the role of crisis management depending on the Mitroff’s-five stages model, depending on the regulation and decisions made during the occurrence of the crises. As well as the study compared the government’s reaction at each stage in both crises’ eras. In addition, the study tries to analyze and explore the reality of the investment situation during the occurrence of crises in the region, also comparing the crises' influence on each investment sector. A conceptual study theme was designed, and a set of hypotheses was developed. To verify the validity of the hypotheses. for that purpose, the financial analysis and SPSS version 28.0 was used. The study implemented the hypothesis on twelve investment sectors such as (trading, health, industry, service, tourism, transportation, education, agriculture, housing, sport, bank, and art) for ten years from 2012 until 2022.

The study reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which are the KRG has more effective and better crisis management to handle and manage the COVID-19 pandemic crisis than the ISIS war crisis on investment projects depending on the scientific criteria. Thus, the damage caused by financial crises on projects can be reduced. And the government can react quickly by applying scientific crisis management principles to minimize the bad effects of the crisis. On another hand, the crises themselves there were different from each other. ISIS is a war crisis and external threat, and the projects in the region had a bad drop. The focus of the KRG is on border protection, internal security, and war armies. Thus, the ISIS war crisis has a great negative influence on investment projects. capital in dollars dropped from the appearance of ISIS in the crisis stage by (65.20%). As well as the number of projects dropped from (108) to (70) projects. However, the COVID-19 crisis was a global epidemic spread all over the world but for the region it was an internal threat. Causing the delay or stoppage of the projects temporarily rather than that fall projects. Thus, The COVID-19 pandemic has a limited influence on investment projects. Thus, capital in dollars decreased slightly from the appearance of COVID-19 in the crisis stage by (18.76%). However, the number of projects increased slightly from (66) to (76) projects.

The researcher suggested that manage the crisis according to scientific criteria. And Implementing (Early warning system) to inform the projects of the occurrence of any unwanted events. And Installation of a response team (crisis management team) to prepare an organization to respond to potential crises.And attempting to rely on local products, and raw materials and strengthen local employees. Also, Diversify and develop investment sectors to avoid financial deficits during crises. Also, set a (strategic investment map) as a tool for investors to invest in that sector which is the most useful for the KR-I.

Keywords: financial crises, crisis management, investment, ISIS war crisis, COVID-19 pandemic crisis, KRG.

المستخلص

الإطار العام للدراسة: يتمثل الإطار العام للدراسة بمشكلة الدراسة التي حددت بإثارة تساؤلات عدة حول طبيعة العلاقة والتأثير بين المتغير المستقل (القيادة الذكية) والمتغير التابع (مهارات التفكير الرياضي) ولأجل ذلك تم تصميم مخطط فرضي؟ للدراسة عبر مجموعة من الفرضيات الرئيسية، ولأجل التاكد من صحة الفرضيات خضعت جميعها لاختبارات متعددة، واستخدمت الدراسة استمارة الاستبانة كأداة لجمع البيانات.

الهدف: تسعى الدراسة الحالية الى معرفة الاهمية الترتيبية لمتغيرات الدراسة وأبعادها، وتحليل علاقة الارتباط والتأثير والتباين للمتغير المستقل وأبعادها المتمثلة بـ (الذكاء العقلاني، الذكاء الشعوري، الذكاء الروحي) في المتغيرالتابع وأبعادها المتمثلة بـ (المهارات المعرفية، مهارات التفكير المركب،مهارات الاتصال الرياضي).

منهج الدراسة: انتهجت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، حيث تم وصف المتغيرات الرئيسية والفرعية وكذلك تحليل علاقات الارتباط والتأثير والتباين بين متغيرات الدراسة.وقد تمثل المجتمع الدراسة الجميع التدريسين في قسم الرياضيات فى كليات عدد من الجامعات الحكومية والبالغ عددهم (101) تدريسي، ومثلث عينتها أيضاً، وتمثل أقسام الرياضيات في كليات عدد من الجامعات الحكومية ميداناً للدراسة،وتم اختبار الفرضيات من خلال البرنامج الإحصائي (SPSS V.26).

الاستنتاجات والمقترحات: توصلت الدراسة الى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات الرئيسية منها وجود علاقة ارتباط معنوية موجبة بمستوى عالٍ بين القيادة الذكية و مهارات التفكير الرياضي على المستوى الكلي والجزئي وهذا يؤكد على مساهمة القيادات الذكية في أقسام الرياضيات في كليات عدد من الجامعات الحكومية في تعزيز مهارات التفكير الرياضي، فضلاً عن وجود تأثير ايجابي وبمستويات معنوية لمتغير القيادة الذكية في مهارات التفكير الرياضي.واقترحت الدراسة مجموعة من المقترحات أهمها ضرورة العمل للمحافظة على المستوى العالي لمهارات التفكير الرياضي من خلال تمتع رؤساء أقسام الرياضيات بالقدرة على التركيب والتلخيص وإعادة البناء من أجل امتلاك المهارات اللازمة لاداء مهامهم.

الكلمات المفتاحية: القيادة الذكية،مهارات التفكير الرياضي،المهارات المعرفية،مهارات التفكيرالمركب، مهارات الاتصال الرياضي، أقسام الرياضيات, الجامعات الحكومية .

The current study aims to analyze the relationship and impact between the occupational safety management system with its requirements (safety policy, risk management system, documents and information, training and efficient awareness, consulting and communication) and sustainable performance (economic performance, social performance, environmental performance) in Dana Gas in Sulaymaniyah city.

After reviewing a group of studies and literature, theoretical concepts were written and a model and hypotheses were built based on the requirements of the occupational safety management system and sustainable performance, and based on the nature of the study and the objectives it seeks to achieve, the analytical descriptive approach was relied upon. In order to collect data, the questionnaire was relied upon, and (150) questionnaires were distributed directly to all members of society represented by the heads of units and administrative departments, supervisors and employees of Dana Gas Company in the city of Sulaymaniyah, who numbered (146) individuals throughout the company, according to the company's data during Conducting the study. After sorting and checking the received forms directly, the number of valid questionnaires for analysis reached (127). The researcher used several statistical methods, including arbitrators and Cronbach's alpha, to ensure validity and reliability, and to test the normal distribution, independence, homogeneity of variance, the simple correlation coefficient, and the simple regression coefficient using the (SPSS-26) program. The results of the study showed that there is a positive correlation and effect between the variables and dimensions of the study. Based on the results and conclusions, a number of recommendations were made related to the need for the company to focus on the requirements of the occupational safety management system in order to achieve the sustainable performance of the researched company. Recommendations were also presented to other companies, institutions and departments, and proposals for future studies in this field.

Keywords: occupational safety management system requirements - sustainable performance - Dana Gas Company - Sulaymaniyah City - Kurdistan Region of Iraq.