Molecular detection of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli and their inhibition by probiotics

http://Urinary tract infections are the most popular type of diagnosed bacterial illness, and the most frequent bacteria responsible for Urinary tract infections are Escherichia coli. The most frequent resistance for gram-negative bacteria to β-lactam antibiotics, especially in Escherichia coli, are β-lactamases. The number of patients infected by extended-spectrum β-lactamases producing Escherichia coli is rising and regarded as a major health problem globally. This study aimed to evaluate in vitro antimicrobial activity of specific lactic acid bacteria against Uropathogenic Escherichia coli to prevent and treat Urinary tract infections. Our research comprised 54 positive midstream urine samples from patients with symptomatic Urinary tract infections, in all age groups, from outpatient departments in Erbil hospitals from 1st October 2021 to 1st April 2022 for isolation and identification of Escherichia coli. The distribution of isolates among genders clarified that the females 33 (61.11%) have a higher percentage of Urinary tract infections than 21 males (38.89%). When the antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolates was tested using the VITEK 2 panel, all isolates from different regions expressed multiple antibiotic resistance; in this findings, these isolates showed the highest percentage of resistance to Ceftazidime (77.78%), Cefepime (75.93%), Ciprofloxacin (70.37%), Piperacillin (68.52%), while isolates have the highest rate of sensitive to Meropenem (88.89%), Imipenem (85.19%), Amikacin (83.33%), Netilmicin (77.78%). Additionally, this findings showed that certain antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli has grown. Three types of β-lactamases include ESβLs genes (blaSHV, blaTEM, blaCTX) by the use of PCR assay. All Extended-spectrum β-lactamase -producing Escherichia coli isolates samples. The blaSHV was detected in 41 isolates VI (75.9%) of the Uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates, while for the blaTEM gene the result showed that in 42 detected isolates (77.7%), there is 26 isolates (48.15%) which indicates the prevalence of blaCTX gene. Antagonistic activity of four types of probiotics bacteria against (54) isolates Escheriachia coli were performed. Results showed that most probiotics types have inhibition activity against Escherichia coli isolates and the diameter of inhibition zone was highest (17.2 mm) when probiotic Lactobacillus casei used, while Streptococcus thermophiles showed less inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli isolates with (12.1 mm) of inhibition zone.